Impact of the open and closed tracheal suctioning system on the incidence of mechanical ventilation- associated pneumonia: literature review Impacto do sistema de aspiração traqueal aberto e fechado na incidência de pneumonia associada à ventilação mecânica: revisão de literatura

Mechanical ventilation (MV) is a well known resource and significantly related to development of ventilation-associated pneumonia.(1-3) Pneumonia, the inflammatory response resulting from uncontrolled penetration and proliferation of microorganisms in the lower respiratory tract,(4) is the most common nosocomial infection in intensive care unit (ICU) patients. (1,2,4-6) Martino(7) observed that incidence of this infection is from 7 to 21 times greater in intubated patients than in those not requiring the ventilator and Lode et al.(8) reported that 86% of cases are associated to MV. Ventilation-associated pneumonia (VAP) is defined as pneumonia diagnosed in intubated patients under mechanical ventilation for more than 48 hours.(4) According to Porzecanski and Bowton(9) about 10% to 20% of patients needing Fernanda Maia Lopes1, Marcelo Farani López2